Black pepper is called Malabar berry. This plant in natural conditions is a long tree-like liana 6 meters, which wraps around the trees. Pepper is grown on plantations in Sri Lanka, Show up, Borneo, Sumatra, Brazil. Black is obtained from each type of tree, white and green pepper. In our country, fragrant black pepper is traditionally used as a seasoning for soups, marinades, meat, sausage products. If you really want to grow allspice in your country or at home. How to get from seeds, seedlings, move it to separate pots, create the right conditions, read in our article.
Difficulties of cultivation
What difficulties may lie in wait for those, who dares to grow allspice at home? If your plant looks elongated and bare, then the reasons for this phenomenon can be a lack of useful elements and a small amount of natural lighting. If the tips of the leaves, which has black pepper, acquired a brown shade, this indicates insufficient humidity of the substrate and air. In winter, when growing pepper, yellowing of the leaves is dangerous for him, which is observed at high humidity. The result can be the appearance of chlorosis in the soil. If the favorite culture at home began to dry up, can be assumed, that there is an excess of light. If you place a pot with a plant under direct sunlight, the result will be a pale green.
If during the growing process you find white sparks on the back side of the sheet, don't be scared. Soon they will acquire a black color, and the presence of such formations is a feature of culture, and that's completely normal.
Growing seedlings
Allspice can be propagated in several ways: using seeds, sediments, cuttings or division.
To get quality seedlings, it is enough to buy peppercorns in the store. June is best for planting seeds, since the optimum temperature for culture is 25 – 28 degrees of heat. Pre-sowing preparation involves calibration. After selecting the largest peas, they should be soaked for a day, then plant in a pot. Before planting, peas must be watered with boiling water, after which it is ready for laying in the ground. Soil will be needed for sowing, in which is present 1 part of sand and half of sod land.
The first fragile sprouts of seedlings really get through 1 moon. When the sprouts become a full-fledged bush, seedlings are picked at a distance of several cm from each other. Pots are used for planting, having a diameter 7 – 8 div. When picking, black pepper should be transplanted carefully, because it has fragile roots.
It is recommended to apply top dressing then, when the second leaf appears on the seedling. As a fertilizer, chicken droppings have proven themselves perfectly, which is previously diluted with water and kept for several days. Its ratio to the liquid is 1:10. As an option, suppose we use ready-made top dressing, designed for leafy crops.
When the roots of the plant grow, and usually it happens after a week, many transplant it into a larger pot. Don't forget, that the pet grows in the wild like vines, that wraps around the trees, therefore, he will need a reliable support at home.
You can actually get white pepper from black peas, if you put it in water for a week, then remove the skin and dry. Green peppers come from unripe peas. Only black fruits are used for cultivation. From pink ones, the plant will not be able to get white or green peas. The culture of foreign breeds does not require digging, but grows only one season.
Transplantation into pots and care
Allspice after transplanting into separate containers requires full care. It needs diffused lighting. It is best to place pots on windowsills, which are located on the east or west side. If the pot is located on the south side, you must create a shadow for it. If it is located on a north window, the plant may suffer from a lack of the normal amount of lighting.
When black pepper enters the period of active vegetation, he needs a temperature regime of 20 to 25 degrees of heat. In the autumn period, a slight decrease in indicators is permissible. In winter, the temperature should not drop below 18, in exceptional cases - not lower 16 degrees.
Watering in the spring-autumn period is abundant. Soft settled water is used. Check before each subsequent watering, staff upper layer of the earth. The frequency of watering decreases in autumn, and in winter it becomes even smaller. For this culture, overdrying is equally harmful, and overwetting of the soil, in which it grows.
A high humidity index is also relevant for pepper. If you neglect it, your pet will overcome diseases. It is important to spray twice a day. To provide the plant with additional moisture, it is recommended to install the pot on a special pallet with peat or moistened expanded clay.
Fertilizer should be applied to the soil 1 times in 2 weeks - this applies to the spring-autumn period. In winter and autumn, the plant does not need feeding. It is characteristic of this culture to be in a period of rest in winter. At this time, the temperature should be maintained at the same level 17 – 18 degrees.
Allspice is transplanted 1 times in 2 years - this is relevant for mature cultures. Young black pepper needs to be transplanted 1 once a year, do it better in the spring. Culture needs a loose nutrient substrate. One of the variants of the composition is as follows: taken in equal parts of the sheet, turf, humus land, sand and peat.
Allspice is a perennial crop. Planted by hand at home or in the country, it will bring the owner a harvest for several years.
Video "How to grow black pepper at home"
This video will introduce you to the plant, the fruits of which are one of the most popular spices, and will also teach how to grow it on your own windowsill.