Lovers of vines are growing every year. That is why gardeners work hard to grow, breeding and breeding of new grape varieties. But in addition to these exciting processes you need to know more about the disease, which can affect the green plant. One such disease is chlorosis of grapes.
Description of the disease and causes
Chlorosis is a very dangerous disease, which indicates a violation of metabolism in the plant, it affects not only leaves and stems, but also the root system. If the grape leaves have lost their elasticity, healthy appearance, there is a violation of pigmentation, then these are obvious signs of chlorosis. Emergency treatment is required, otherwise the bush has every chance to die very quickly.
The main cause of the disease is iron deficiency. This situation is common in this case, if the vine was planted in saline soil. The point is, that lime makes it difficult for iron to reach the roots, and more, causes severe burns. Therefore, the plant ceases to produce chlorophyll, which is important for development, and the disease begins to progress.
Lack of moisture, low air temperatures and lack of solar energy also worsen the situation. Such grape varieties tolerate the disease the worst, like Isabella, Aligote, Riesling, Foam is black. They are considered stable: Chassis, Muscat, Cabernet, Mattress.
see chlorosis
There are three types of chlorosis of grapes. It is very important to understand the features of each of them.
infectious
The cause of this type of disease is a virus called yellow mosaic, which spreads through the soil. Signs of the disease may disappear in hot weather, if the temperature reaches 55 ° C, but it is important to understand, that the virus itself will not disappear. This virus is unstable to low temperatures, therefore in Russia it is seldom possible to observe this disease. Most often, disease prevention is carried out when planting seedlings on plantations.
non-infectious
This species is the result of iron deficiency. There are situations, when the soil is nutritious, top-dressings are carried out regularly, but the plant poorly absorbs all trace elements. This is due to excess calcium, which in a chemical reaction with iron does not allow the latter to be absorbed by the plant. In this situation, the root system begins to die.
There are cases, when prolonged rains wash away the nitrogen layer from the soil, then the grapes show signs of chlorosis. But this is a deceptive phenomenon, which will disappear as soon as the weather returns and warm days come.
edaphic
This type of disease is characterized by increased susceptibility of the culture to adverse environmental factors. Causes of edaphic stress can be: excessive or insufficient soil moisture, a large amount of salts in the ground, increased or, vice versa, low air temperature.
treatment
Understanding the causes of chlorosis of grapes, you can start its treatment. Until recently, chlorosis was treated exclusively with iron sulphate. But since this method of combating the disease was short-lived (action was enough for a maximum of 2 months), then for each type of disease derived a separate treatment.
In the non-infectious type, watering with iron sulphate is carried out with the addition of such trace elements: zinc, bor, magnesium, manganese.
Treatment of edaphic type occurs with elimination of consequences, not reasons. If the seedling is planted in calcareous soil, it is best to buy a carbonate-resistant rootstock, which was vaccinated in the nursery.
There is also iron complexes, which have proven themselves among gardeners. The tool is sold in powder form, which is diluted in water. Then the solution is sprayed on the affected plant, but not more than four times per season.
prevention
In order not to face chlorosis of grapes, there are some rules to follow:
- timely and within the norm apply fertilizers;
- we choose those varieties of crops, which are recommended by breeders for your area;
- produce moderate watering;
- in the autumn period it is necessary to loosen the soil from time to time for proper penetration of moisture into the root system.
Video "Treatment of grape chlorosis"
In this video you will learn about it, how to treat grape chlorosis.