Drill vices: see, making your own hands

The lens, used to equip the drill, perform a very important function. They provide a secure fixation of the part, what is needed for that, that drilling was performed with maximum accuracy. Presented in the modern market ??a wide variety of models of vices for drilling machines. Each of these models has its own design features and areas of application.

Foundry vices, designed for simple drilling operations

Purpose and use of drill vices

Drilling machines, which can be as floor, and desktop, designed for that, to form holes in the details, made of different materials. Perform such a technological operation with maximum accuracy and safety and allow, as mentioned above, vices for drilling machines.

Not all models of drilling equipment have vices in their basic configuration. The latter, although slightly, increase the cost of the machine. The lack of such a device in the basic equipment configuration is explained, like a vise drill, also that, that when working with blanks of soft materials (wood, plastic, etc.) They may not be needed. When drilling holes in such materials, very small cutting forces are created, and hold the workpiece easily with your hands.

The use of vices when drilling metals significantly increases the accuracy and safety

It is absolutely impossible to do without vices in that case, if drilling of openings on the machine is carried out in details, which are made of metal. In such cases, holding the workpiece with your hands is not only difficult and inefficient, but also dangerous.

Machine vices are especially indispensable in those cases, when the part to be drilled must be set at a certain angle. Of course, simple clamping devices can be used instead of drill clamps, which are not difficult to make with your own hands. However, if you are interested in the reliability of fixing the workpiece, safety of performance of works on the machine and high accuracy of the carried-out technological operations, it is better to buy serial models. In most cases, homemade drill vices will cope with such tasks.

Drawings of small homemade vices: 1 - frame; 2 - the sponge is movable; 3 - screw; 4 - bushing; 5 - collar; 6 - clamp; 7 - washer; 8 - pin (click to enlarge)

Design and principle of operation of clamping devices

Because machine vices are necessary for reliable fixing of a detail in the course of processing, they consist of strong steel elements. Depending on the type and purpose of machine vices, their design can vary greatly.

The most expensive and least functional are non-rotating vices, but such models have the most rigid design. By the way, homemade drill vices are often referred to as non-rotatable.

The middle price category includes rotary models, the functionality of which allows you to perform drilling operations more efficiently. The advantages of the first and second types of vices are combined in universal drill devices, what, naturally, makes the cost of such devices quite high.

Even vices of one type, but produced by different companies, may have some design differences. This is due to the fact, that each of the manufacturers is trying to give their products additional options, make it more reliable and easy to use.

Professional machine vices can be completed with various clamping laths

Whatever the functionality of the machine vices, their design is based on mandatory elements, which include:

• planks, which act as the base of the vise;
• two sponges, providing a clamp of the processed preparation;
• screw with handle, due to which the movement of the movable clamping sponge is provided;
• plates, employees working elements of clamping jaws;
• a number of additional details.

The device of the simplest machine vices

Plank, acting as a basis, is a load-bearing element, on which all other details of vices are fixed. It is on the bar, which is made of hard and wear-resistant metal, the hole under the screw is drilled, movable and fixed sponges are mounted. To ensure the accuracy of movement at the bottom of the movable ??the sponge has a rectangular shank, which is inserted into the cutout, made on a fixed sponge.

Shank, which is responsible for the parallel course of the sponges

Screw, responsible for moving the movable sponge, is connected to it, provided with a special snap ring. Rotating in the threaded hole of the base bar, the screw moves the movable sponge, thus providing a clamp processed on the drilling machine workpiece. To understand, how vices work, you can watch the corresponding video.

And serial models, and homemade drill vices can be made according to different schemes of the screw on the movable sponge. In the simplest models of vices, which are easy to make with your own hands, the screw is directly connected to the movable sponge, which he either pulls (spreads his lips), or pushes (squeezes his lips), depending on the direction of its rotation. In more complex models, which may be considered irreversible, and rotary vices, the rotation of the screw is transmitted by gears, which facilitates the work of the drill operator. Gears require very little effort, to squeeze or spread the jaws of the vise.

It should be borne in mind, that the presence of a gear mechanism is not a criterion, on which it is necessary to emphasize attention at the choice of clamping devices for a drill. Many well-known manufacturers, whose products are successful among professionals around the world, produce devices, the principle of operation of which is implemented according to the standard scheme, which does not make them less efficient or inconvenient to use.

Hydraulically reinforced vices provide stable compression, independent of shocks and vibrations

Vices of any type are important constructive elements, which experience significant loads in the process of work and ensure the reliability of fixing the workpiece, there are clamping plates, or slats. Such elements, made of durable metal, fasten to the working surfaces of the clamping jaws by means of screw connections.

In the standard version, the clamping strips have a flat working surface, on which the cross notch is put. More specialized types of slats are also used, which are necessary for processing of preparations of a certain form. The working surfaces of such slats can be made in different shapes (angular, concave, etc.). In some modern models of vices clamps can be elastic. This design allows you to slightly increase the convenience of fixing parts in the clamping device of the drill.

Vices with prismatic sponges

Types of machine vices

All the lenses, used to equip drilling machines, can be divided into two main types:

• irreversible;
• rotary.

The type of vise is selected depending on, what technological tasks need to be solved with their help.

non-rotating vise

Vices of this type are often called stationary. They have the simplest design, therefore, they are often made with their own hands. The principle of operation of such a device, which is fixed on the desktop of the drilling machine in one position, described above.

Using non-rotating vise models, only one hole can be made in the part, then it is necessary to open the jaws of the device and rearrange the part (or move the vices themselves on the desktop surface).

Drawings of high-precision machine vices of non-rotating type

Vices of this type differ in the increased rigidity of a design, but require more time to perform auxiliary technological operations, if you compare them with rotary models. The advantage of such a vise for a drill is that, that they are affordable.

rotary vices

Rotary vices are a kind of coordinate devices for the drill. They allow, without opening the workpiece, change its spatial position during processing. Devices of this type appeared on the market at that time, when it was necessary to make efficient and reliable clamping devices for processing workpieces in mass production.

Thanks to the presence of a special rotating platform, the sponges with the fixed part in them can rotate on 360 degrees. After drilling in one place, such a platform can be easily rotated to the desired angle, non-expandable detail, and drill a hole elsewhere.

When selecting rotary vices for the drill take into account the overall and landing dimensions

More advanced models of rotary vices due to the presence of cross guides on their base allow not only to turn the clamping jaws to the desired angle, but also move them in a horizontal plane along two axes. It is much more difficult to make such a device with your own hands, than non-rotating vices, but if desired, you can. This device for the drill can significantly increase the productivity of technological operations, which is especially relevant for mass production.

There is another type of rotary drill vise. Their base-platform with rather difficult design allows to turn sponges with the detail clamped in them in three planes. Such high-tech vices, to follow the manipulations with which it is very interesting even on video, called globular.

Globe vices for a drill

Another type of rotary vise - sinus

Globe rotary vices thanks to the functionality allow to make inclined openings in details. To solve this problem you do not need to carefully choose the correct position of the part in the lips, which always takes a lot of time. To make an inclined hole, using globe vices, it is enough to fix in them preparation, and then use a special limb to turn the moving platform of the device to the desired angle.

The described types of vices differ in various degrees of universality. For work on the drilling machine in the conditions of a house workshop it is best to choose the simplest non-rotating vices. As mentioned above, they are easy to make with your own hands. However, before you start making them, you should stock up on drawings and watch the relevant video on the Internet.