The principle of operation and internal device of the microwave oven
If you have a question, how a microwave oven works, then it will not be difficult to answer, after all, this device has been present on the home appliance market for a long time and its characteristics have been studied lengthwise and crosswise. The principle of operation of a microwave oven is based on the action of microwaves on the product, placed inside the device. Details about that, what is a microwave oven and microwave, will be described below.
Principle of action
The basis of the devices of this type is the conversion of so-called electromagnetic microwave fields. Such a field is converted into thermal energy and heats food, located in the cell. The principle of operation of the microwave oven differs from other cooking devices: ovens (as gas, and electric, where heating occurs due to the elementary heating of the contact surface and the surrounding space in the chamber) and plates.
Microwave device
The principle of operation of the microwave oven allows you to heat only the object itself, placed inside. Therefore, the process of heating food is quite fast. At one time, this advantage allowed the microwave to gain popularity and confidently take a leading position in the market of kitchen appliances. You no longer need to spend extra energy to defrost or reheat a cooked dish (to heat the entire chamber). In a few minutes, the electrowave effect raised the temperature to the required. Example, a piece of frozen meat was ready for processing and further cooking without a long wait.
Read also: who and when invented the microwave oven.
Traditional types of thermal exposure work a little differently. Heat is applied to the surface of the heated object, as a result, such a picture can often be observed, when the outside of the thawed dish is already covered with crust and began to burn, and inside it remains frozen. This is why, that the heating is uneven, heat is distributed vertically: from the top layer to the inside. This method is much less effective, than the operation of a microwave oven, in addition, it requires from the owner a certain skill and culinary skills, whereas to cook in the microwave just press a couple of buttons and wait for the result.
The electrical circuit of the microwave oven has remained unchanged since the launch of the device into mass production. Appearance has changed to suit the current requirements, devices have become more aesthetically pleasing. Added many hardware features, more comfortable management methods, impact power control, but the principle itself remained the same, which 50 years ago. It's not just about the well-known phrase "why change that, that works so well ", simply the principle itself does not imply any radical changes.
By the way, when it comes to microwaves and microwaves, should be remembered, that these concepts are identical, these devices are not different types of devices, as it may seem at first glance.
A couple of decades ago, the microwave oven was an element of luxury and was rather present in the kitchen as an element of decor., than was a subject for everyday use. Of course, over time, production technologies have become more available to the mass market, which led to the widespread availability of microwave ovens and their ubiquity. So, from a luxury item and a rare technological marvel, the microwave oven has become an indispensable assistant in the kitchen, able to prepare simple meals in a matter of moments.
Read also: what are the standard microwave sizes.
A few words about heating
The device of the microwave oven includes a so-called magnetron. This definition should be familiar to everyone, who knows, how the radar is arranged and works.
Microwave, as a mechanical device, able to quickly heat products thanks to the magnetron.
If you consider the wiring diagram of the microwave oven (example, Samsung) from inside, it becomes clear, that these developments migrated to the segment of home appliances from heavy industry. Different types of devices differ only in appearance. So, example, LG's microwave circuit will be little different from Daewoo's microwave circuit.
Schematic diagram of the microwave
Here's how a microwave oven works: the magnetron in the process of work begins to emit energy, which is converted into heat and used as targeted heating. This type of device works from the anode-incandescent transformer-stabilizer. Initially, this part was the most expensive in the production of microwaves. But over time, that cost has dropped, which made possible the mass production of devices.
Considering the internal device of the microwave, it is necessary to consider the design of the shunt magnetic circuit in more detail. This unit allows you to change the voltage increase in error from 2% within the fluctuations of the power grid 10%. The main feature of the transformer is the high power of inductive scattering of the magnetic circuit. May be, in words, the description of the principle of operation of a microwave oven looks a bit complicated, in practice, the device is quite simple.
At the time of design, design engineers were faced with increased noise levels during the operation of the microwave oven. In general, worth mentioning, that high noise is a problem for many devices, based on a unit for heat removal or cooling. Subsequently, this problem, Of course, decided, and quite an interesting way. To eliminate the increased vibration, some parts began to be connected by welding.
The microwave device starts primarily with the housing. In most cases, it is a rectangular box. This is not why, that designers lack imagination, the point here is the specifics of operation.
When the microwave is on, the waves are not simply directed at the object being heated, in addition, they are reflected from the interior of the case, which significantly increases the thermal effect.
The rotating part - a saucer also allows to optimize heating process. As it rotates, the waves are distributed evenly over the entire surface of the heated object. Wave, which enters the food tank, always has a different shape - this is another specific feature of microwave ovens. Some waves can be nodular, others are formed in the form of beams, therefore, the impact is chaotic in nature, but optimization measures can align this process.
Read also: What shall I do, if the plate in the microwave does not rotate.
Throughout the history of this type of device, the process of their manufacture, thermal exposure and its optimization were honed by manufacturers to perfect condition. Today, the microwave oven is an integral device, completely ready for operation, reliable and secure, as evidenced by the many certificates of international supervisory consortia, regulating the harmful effects of technology on the human body.
An important function of the microwave door
No less attention during production is paid to the door. In microwave ovens, the door is not only a decorative element, but also serves as a kind of fuse. The principle is very simple: if you open the door, the lock is triggered and the operation of the units stops. Despite the apparent simplicity, the device of the door is quite difficult, because it involves the safe operation of the entire device.
so, consider in more detail, how the microwave door works:
- Firstly, the manufacturer must be traced, so that the door and the body of the device fit perfectly together with a minimum angle. Large gaps do not allow the device to be used. The reason is simple, the door serves as a kind of shield against microwave radiation, and if the gap is large enough, radiation may enter outside the cooking chamber. About that, what is radiation and what is its danger, has long been known.
- Secondly, the perimeter of the door is equipped with a high-frequency throttle. This device is used to reduce radiation to an acceptable level.
- Third, at the time of casting the door body, many additives are added, by means of which the high percent of absorption of radiation is reached. Of course, can't be completely sure on 100% radiation absorption, but there is no doubt, that residual waves do not pose a danger and significant harm to human health.
Microwave oven control unit
Throughout the history of the device, this part of the microwave has not undergone any significant changes. In general, it's always two handles, one of which is responsible for the temperature, and the other during cooking. Of course, today you can find many differences in modifications: from simple "wheels" to control units, which will have many different functions. That's just the essence of them is often reduced to the old and proven principles, nothing new in the device of microwave microwave ovens for the entire period of their existence has not been invented. The main difference may be only in the concept of device control.
Read also: What shall I do, if the buttons on the microwave do not work.
Now there are many manufacturers (example, Samsung) rely on the innovation component and integrate touch control panels into their microwaves.
A little about the harm of microwaves
Controversy over the harm of microwave ovens has not subsided since its launch into mass production. To date, there is no reliable information, confirming the damage from the use of this type of device.
Don't forget, that the microwave does not emit radioactive waves. Vice versa, microwave allows you to cook food without losing their useful properties. Food is healthier, T. to. it is stored until 80% vitamins and minerals.
Traditional ovens and stoves can not boast of such a result. If you operate the device strictly according to the rules, then there is no danger from his work. This conclusion is confirmed by that, how the microwave oven is arranged, as mentioned above.
Harm can be brought by unhealthy food, cooked in the MICROWAVE (so-called fast food), and thermal microwave exposure is not at all. Too bad the pies (and other flour products) is not, that they are cooked in the oven, and in their high caloric content and slow absorption by the body.
Read also: how to extend the life of the microwave.
The frequency of your microwave, which is also mentioned, when it comes to harm, also does not play any significant role. She (frequency) can change as much as you want, but this (contrary to common misconception) will not increase or decrease the radiation, the background remains the same.
Conclusion
Conclusion, which arises by itself: microwave - very simple, but at the same time the device irreplaceable in kitchen, which makes our lives easier every day. It is convenient and unpretentious in use and service, easy to clean, takes up little space and consumes very little energy. Microwave device, as discussed above, remained unchanged: magnetron, I / O transformer, I / O condenser, cooler and cooking chamber. The reliability of this technique has been proven in practice for several decades.
