Profile pipes are a type of rolled metal, which has a non-standard shape of the section. To date, there are several ways to get a professional pipe, each of which affects the technical characteristics of the product. Among the main parameters of metal profiled pipes are distinguished: dimensions of the section, wall thickness and length of the part.
Profile pipes are available in a wide range, they differ in material and method of manufacture, shape and size
Operational spheres and advantages of a professional pipe
The operational accessories of these products are quite extensive, however, the most common option for their use is the installation of various frame structures. This is due to the technical characteristics of the professional pipe, among which strength stands out, which is necessary for the construction of frame structures. Pipe pipes are used when installing fences using corrugated board (profile), various fences, as well as decorative elements.
So, application of a professional pipe allows not only to execute a design of necessary durability, but also to reduce the overall financial costs of construction. However, such savings are possible only in the case of strict control by the manufacturer of the size of the pipe. They must meet the standards, which are registered in Guests.
Consider the main advantages of profiled pipes:
- such products are resistant to high loads;
- relative cheapness of these products, which is determined by the amount of material, used for their production;
- light weight;
- resistance to mechanical influences.
Profile pipes can serve as a basis for the most various designs, but you need to choose the right size of the section, to make the building reliable
The most common material in the manufacture of these products is steel. Steel professional pipes differ in that, having the highest coefficient of strength.
For what control of the sizes of profile pipes is necessary?
The answer to this question is quite simple: strict control of dimensional characteristics of these products is necessary, because any inaccuracy in dimensions affects the reliability of metal structures, are constructed of a professional pipe. If you make a mistake when calculating the size, there are two main problems:
- reducing the strength of the frame structure;
- increasing the mass of the frame structure.
Therefore the sizes of a profile pipe have to correspond to the state standards. In case of non-compliance of overall dimensions with standards, set out in Guests, the design of such products will not have sufficient strength, which can lead to its destruction.
pay attention! GOST regulates not only the overall dimensions of these products, but also the range of tolerances.
It is worth noting one important detail - if the profile pipe has non-standard dimensions, then the calculation of these products is carried out according to individual formulas. Standard pipes can be calculated using the appropriate GOST. So, the dimensions of the profiled metal roll determine the very possibility of the existence of the frame structure.
Types of profile pipes and options for their production
The classic shape of the pipe section is round, but profile products are issued with non-standard forms. The form of these products is determined by their operational features and determines the basic physical and technical characteristics of the professional pipe.
Pipe tubes are made in several ways, welded products have a clearly visible seam on the surface
Consider, what forms of professional pipe can be found today in the construction market:
- square section pipes;
- rectangular;
- square with rounded corners;
- rectangular with rounded corners;
- ovoid (oval);
- multifaceted.
The dimensions of the square professional pipe are presented in table №1.
Table 1
| Dimensions, mm | Wall thickness, mm |
| 50X50 | 1,5-2,5 |
| 40Х40 | 1,0-2,0 |
| 30x30 | 1,0-2,5 |
| 25x25 | 1,0-2,0 |
| 20X20 | |
| 15X15 |
Square and rectangular products are used, as mentioned above for the installation of various frame structures, and rectangular with a cross section of 60x40 are used in furniture production. It has to do with that, that such dimensions combine the two most important qualities, namely: lightness and strength.
The dimensions of the rectangular profile pipes are shown in the table below.
Table 2
| Dimensions, mm | Wall thickness, mm |
| 80x40 | 1,5-4,0 |
| 80x30 | 1,5-2,5 |
| 70x40 | |
| 70x30 | |
| 60x40 | 1,5-2,5 |
| 60x30 | 1,5-2,0 |
| 60x25 | 1,5-2,5 |
| 60x20 | |
| 50x40 | |
| 50x30 | 1,5-2,0 |
| 50x25 | |
| 50x20 | |
| 40x25 | |
| 40x20 | |
| 30x20 | |
| 25x15 | 1,0-2,0 |
| 20x15 | 1,5-2,0 |
A specific indicator of the size of a pipe, usually, depends on the method of its manufacture. Today it exists 3 methods of production of profiled metal. Consider them in more detail:
- hot rolling;
- cold rolling;
- welding.
The method of pipe production "dictates" the technical parameters of the future product
The method depends on the production technology, which will align the profile of the section, as well as the geometric parameters of the product (intersection indicators, wall thickness and length).
The sizes of hot-rolled professional pipe
First of all it is necessary to get acquainted with stages of production of hot-rolled profile pipes:
- At first it is necessary to receive from preparation a preliminary pipe with round section (the so-called semi-finished product). To do this, the workpiece in the form of a sleeve is passed through special rollers, which form from it the necessary product.
- In the second stage, the finished semi-finished product is placed in the forming press, which turns a tube with a round cross section into the required profile part. So, a rectangular or square professional pipe is formed.
- Next, the formed profile element is cooled and passed through special rollers, whose function is to perform calibration.
- In the end, the resulting tube is heated to the desired temperature and allowed to cool in the open air. Very important, so that the part cools down gradually in a natural way. This procedure allows you to relieve stress, which is present in the crystal lattice of the metal.
So, the finished profiled product turns out, which corresponds to all necessary points of GOST. Range of sizes of square products, obtained by this method, starts with a pipe 60x60 mm, and ends with a detail, the boundaries of which have dimensions of 180x180 mm.
Useful Information! For rectangular hot-rolled profile pipes, obtained by hot rolling, the limit is detail, the cross section of which is 230x100 mm.
The assortment of hot-rolled square pipes begins with the sizes of section of 60х60 mm
Another important geometric indicator, which is affected by hot deformation - wall thickness. For square and rectangular pipes, this figure varies from 4 to 14 mm.
As for the length of the profiled hot-deformed parts, then it can be dimensional and immeasurable. Measured length is a geometric indicator of the product, equal to a certain segment, and immeasurable - is determined by the size of the segment, since it is within its boundaries. The minimum length of a square or rectangular part is 4 m, and the maximum is equal to 12,5 m.
Dimensions of cold-rolled professional pipe
As in the case of cold rolling, hot deformation is carried out in 4 stages. Let's consider these stages in more detail:
- First, a round hole is punched in the washer to make the required workpiece.
- Further, the billet is rolled to obtain a round pipe.
- At the third stage is carried out, previously obtained semi-finished product with a round cross section, is passed through rollers and is compressed on the press. After crimping the semi-finished product, the profile product turns out.
- At the last stage, the profile is passed through the calibration rollers.
Cold deformation is a way, by means of which profiled details with thinner walls are made, than in the case of hot deformation. The sizes of profile pipes of square section in this case will be smaller. The minimum dimensions of the section of cold-formed square pipes are 10x10 mm, and the maximum - 120x120 mm.
Unlike hot rolling, cold method allows you to get pipes with thinner walls
The sizes of profiled pipes of this type are registered in operating GOSTs. GUEST 8639-82 describes 17 standard sizes in the range from the minimum indicator of section of a profile pipe to the maximum. A GOST 8645-68 contains 16 standard sizes, located in this range.
In turn, pipe wall thickness, obtained by cold deformation of the workpiece, varies from 1 to 8 mm. So, these profiled products are used in the case, when there is a need for thin-walled pipes.
The length of the cold-formed professional pipe can be, as in the previous case, dimensional and immeasurable. The minimum length of the profile pipe (dimensional) is 4,5 m, and the maximum reaches 11 m. Immeasurable products have a minimum length 1,5 m, and the maximum reaches 9 m.
The sizes of welded professional pipe
As in the previous two cases, the manufacture of profiled steel by welding is carried out in 4 stage. Consider them in more detail:
- Originally from Nemirna letter, made of steel, the workpiece is separated. This blank is called a strip or dimensional sheet blank.
- At the second stage from a strip the necessary semi-finished product is executed. This is done by bending the measuring sheet. The sheet is immediately bent to the required cross-sectional shape of the future pipe.
- In the third stage, the letter, curved to the desired shape, welded.
pay attention! Usually, welding of the measuring sheet is performed in an inert gas environment, but, there is another option - induction melting and welding of the material.
- At the end, the pipe is run through the calibration rollers.
Ware, having a seam, practically do not differ in the physical and technical characteristics from seamless hot-rolled and cold-deformed pipes. If production of a seam profile detail was carried out taking into account all production rules, then the rigidity of the finished part will be almost identical to the seamless counterparts (the maximum loss of rigidity will be no more 10%).
Minimum dimensions of a square metal pipe, which was obtained by welding, are 10x10 mm, and the maximum reaches 120x120 mm. In turn, the wall thickness of such a product varies from 1 to 5 mm. So, by means of welding it is possible to make profiled pipes with the smallest indicator of thickness of a wall. The measured length of the welded profile varies from 5 to 9 m, and immeasurable from 1,5 to 9 m.