Metal lathe and milling machine - CNC machining center
Lathe-milling machine for work on metal, equipped with CNC system, which is also called a machining center, today it can be found in many manufacturing plants. Extremely wide possibilities of such universal equipment allow to subject high-quality turning and milling processing of workpiece from metal.
Multipurpose CNC turning and milling machining center
Types of turning and milling centers in the modern market
Machines of this category are divided into two large groups: CNC and CNC devices. Equipment without a CNC system includes manual, semi-automatic and automated machines. This article discusses devices, on which numerical program control is implemented. CNC machining centers, produced by modern industry, are divided into several types:
- simple design;
- with anti-spindle;
- with drive center;
- with the established C-axis.
Combines these machining centers, which have their own design features, then, that they simultaneously have the functionality of lathes and milling machines.
Compact desktop lathe, not equipped with CNC
Characteristics of turning and milling machining centers
Perform several types of technological operations (drilling, turning and milling) on one device allow and turret lathes, but due to insufficient mobility of revolvers, the volume of products produced with their help is limited.
Turning and milling machining centers are deprived of this shortcoming, in the design of which there is a special milling head. The size of the hole in such a head can be made for different types of cones (Capto, HSK, BT or ISO), that allows to install in it turning cutters. Due to this, such lathes and milling machines can be used to perform such technological operations on metal, as drilling, countersinking, threading, creation of chamfers and grooves, processing of end faces and their pruning, deployment, etc..
Using a special transitional mandrel, on CNC machining centers you can install square shank cutters and cutting tools with a special shape of the landing part. In one spindle of machines of this category it is possible to fix as motionless, and the working tool rotates. Tools in turning and milling machining centers are changing, equipped with a CNC system, automatically, for this in the design of the machine is responsible for a special mechanism - a variable.
The most common machining centers with CNC were at the enterprises, engaged in the manufacture have complex shapes of parts and structures of metal. In the production of such products it is necessary to repeatedly alternate turning and milling operations, which is provided by a turning and milling machining center.
The machining centers mainly use one-piece tools or with replaceable inserts, made of hard alloy. In very rare cases, the tool can be used, the cutting plates of which are fixed by soldering.
Working bodies of the CNC machining center
Machining centers with spindle and C-axis
The equipment with an axis is one of the first modifications of the processing center of turning and milling group. To add rotation to the cutting tool (drills and cutters) a separate drive is installed on such a machine. For automated tool change on this lathe, as well as on processing centers of other types, corresponds to a special mechanism - the variable.
Important functions of machining centers with C-axis are control over the speed of rotation of the workpiece and indexing of its angular position. The accuracy of such indexing, which is important, is about 0,001 degrees.
Turning and milling machining centers with C-axis when equipped with a mechanism for changing cutting tools allow you to perform technological operations, with which ordinary lathes can not cope. In particular, such operations are:
The anti-spindle with the C axis significantly increases the functionality of the machine
- milling of worm gear elements;
- manufacture and processing of crankshafts;
- gear processing.
Equipping machining centers with CNC anti-spindle is the next stage in the development of turning and milling group devices. The second spindle of such machines, having even greater functionality, install instead of the rear headstock. The right side of the workpiece is inserted into it, which makes it possible to process its opposite edge.
Equipping the machining center with a spindle allows you to turn this device into a full-fledged production line, which has exceptional functionality. If you equip such a milling and turning center with a second successor to the tools, then the efficiency of its use will increase many times over. What is important, the quality of processing will not suffer from this at all.
Visually, the principle of operation of the anti-spindle can be seen in the video below:
Presented in the modern market ??a large variety of machining centers for metal from different manufacturers. Consider some of them.
Machining centers of the TRENS trademark
Milling and turning centers of this brand have a special design and have a characteristic feature - an inclined frame. This gives the machines exceptional strength and rigidity, that allows to carry out on them processing of details with high accuracy. Usually, such equipment is equipped with large and medium serial production, engaged in the production of parts with complex configurations. Here are the most popular models of lathes and milling machines of this brand.
SBL 300
The design of this model is simpler, compared to the above, which does not prevent such a machine to effectively cope with threading, basic milling operations, processing of details of a difficult configuration. The machine spindle deserves special attention, characterized by high rigidity and exceptional reliability, which makes it possible to operate it at high speeds for a long time. No less remarkable are the characteristics of the C-axis of this device, which creates excellent torque and provides fast switching of operating modes. Manufacturers have managed to achieve such characteristics of the C-axis due to that, that it implements a special system of fixing the disk type.
CNC machine Trens SBL 300 made in Slovakia
SBL 500A
Possibilities of the machine of this model allow to process preparations on it, whose weight reaches 1050 kg. The machining center is equipped with an electric drive TM Siemens or Fagor, in its design there is a spindle, easily configurable and reliable CNC system. Moving the head of the machine and fixing the workpieces are carried out using hydraulic mechanisms. That speaks about the possibilities of such a CNC turning and milling machining center, that it can perform a complex technological operation - off-axis drilling - in one installation.
TRENS SBL 500A machine
SBL 700
This CNC milling machining center is the most modern model of equipment, which is issued under TM TRENS. Technical possibilities of such machine allow to carry out on it processing of preparations from metal rectilinear, stepped and curvilinear configuration, whose weight can reach 2500 kg. The machining center is equipped with a CNC system TM Siemens, which ensures precise movement of the tool during processing. The operation of the machine and tool movement in such a CNC system is described by simple 3D programming, and its connection to the device is provided by the Ethernet protocol.
Trens SBL machine 700
Machining center model 1728C
The universal processing center of this model has earned special popularity in Russia. Functionalities allow such a device to cope with such technological operations for processing metal workpieces: drilling is direct and at a given angle, boring, battering, ordinary and contour milling, turning by means of mills, etc.. It is possible to process preparations from metal on this lathe and milling machine with ChPU as in the cartridge, and in its centers. High accuracy, with which the workpieces are processed at this center, provided by the following design features.
- The main components of the machine are characterized by high rigidity and vibration resistance.
- High-precision bearings are installed in the equipment units.
- In the design of the machine special thermosymmetric elements are provided, which compensate for deformations, arising from temperature exposure.
- The movement and operation of the tool is constantly monitored by special elements.
- The equipment is equipped with a modern and reliable CNC system.
Turning and milling machining center model 1728C
The lathe of this model allows to process preparations with a diameter up to 40 cm and length up to 3 meters. The machine spindle has an end size of A8, on it the cartridge with section is established 40 cm, the diameter of the hole in which is 9,7 cm.
Any turning and milling machining center, including this model, allows you to significantly reduce the cost of technological operations in the complex.
A brief overview of other models of machining centers
At Russian manufacturing plants, engaged in the production of metal and wood products, machining centers are popular, produced in Taiwan under the trademark TAKISAWA. With their exceptional functionality, the machines of this brand are affordable. In the modern market the equipment of TM TAKISAWA is presented by the following series: THE, NEX, EX і LS. The machines of these series are successfully used in the automotive and aircraft industries, at machine-building plants.
Turning and milling machining center at work
The most popular models of TM TAKISAWA equipment are 4500TT, 4500S, 4500ST. In the design of machines of these models there are two turning units and one milling, their shop for tools and work accessories can accommodate up to 90 positions. Such machines, which are equipped with a turret, provide high accuracy and efficiency of turning and milling work on metal.
Among the machining centers of the turning and milling group, which have earned high popularity among domestic producers, It is worth noting the machines of the Spanish company GMTK, which are also available in several series: HR800, HR1000, HR1200, HR1500. The use of such CNC machining centers is necessary for the manufacture of metal parts, which are of high complexity and must be processed with maximum accuracy.
Among the unique design features of this equipment are the following: tool changer and working heads, hydrostatic guides, temperature stabilization system. Businesses need to buy CNC machining centers from the Spanish company GMTK, whose products are characterized by high complexity and accuracy of processing.
DMC complex turning and milling center
There are a number of foreign companies, processing centers which are well established among domestic manufacturing enterprises.
Victor (Taiwan)
The company is more engaged in the production of equipment for processing metal and wood blanks 70 years. Its machines have a reliable and technological design, quality components. Notable, that the company uses a special grade of cast iron to make the frames of its equipment.
MULTICUT (Czech Republic)
Universal equipment is available under this brand, equipped with modern CNC systems. Depending on the need, the machines can be equipped with a rear headstock or a second spindle. Technical possibilities of the equipment of this brand allow to carry out milling processing of preparations on five coordinates, to carry out sharpening, grinding and slotting, as well as milling cams and performing other metal operations.
DMC (South Korea)
Machining centers of this company, characterized by exceptional functionality and high performance, belong to the category of premium class.
Turning and milling centers, which are equipped with modern enterprises, - these are machines, differing in wide functionality. Using such equipment, you can perform the most complex milling operations and various types of turning with parts, made of metal.
