Carbide inserts for turning cutters - classification, marking, GUEST
Increase productivity, performed on metalworking equipment, allow carbide plates, used for turning cutters. Such plates make the use of the cutter more convenient, as they are removable and allow to replace them quickly in case of wear or breakage. Naturally, cutters of integral design will not be suitable for use of replaceable elements, in which the cutting part is made together with the holder.
Carbide inserts for turning cutters
Advantages of using carbide inserts for cutters
Plates for boring or cutting cutters can be made of different brands of hard alloys, which is very convenient, as it allows to have the whole set of cutting elements for processing of preparations from various materials.
The use of replaceable inserts for cutting tools is also a cost-effective solution, as in case of breakage or wear there is no need to replace all cutter with the new tool: it is necessary to change only its cutting part. It is advisable to use a tool with replaceable carbide inserts in that case, if there is a task of automation of technological processes, which is especially relevant in the conditions of small - and medium-scale production, where the range of products can change quite often.
Cutters with replaceable plates
Among the benefits, which have carbide plates, mounted on lathe cutters, the following should be highlighted.
- Compared with solid cutters, plates are low cost.
- Replacing the carbide cutting element does not take much time.
- The high reliability of hard alloy plates can be said even in conditions of intensive operation.
- If necessary, such replaceable cutting elements can be reconfigured.
- All modern models of replaceable cutting elements for turning cutters are unified, which makes it easy to choose the best option for a particular type of processing and brand of metal workpiece.
Due to the use of replaceable carbide inserts with mechanical mounting significantly increases the service life of the lathe holder, there is no need for such ancillary operations, as sharpening of a cutting part and its soldering. What is important, when using such a cutting tool, the reduction in temperature and cutting force can be 40%. Due to the characteristics of hard alloys, which are used to make plates, with the help of the latter you can perform metal processing, changing cutting modes.
Some types of forms of carbide inserts for cutters
Modern industry produces various types of replaceable plates, made of carbide materials. Requirements for the parameters of each of these types are defined in the relevant state standards.
- GUEST 19086-80 determines the characteristics of the cutting plates, support types and chip breakers.
- GUEST 19042-80 determines the requirements for classification, forms and systems of designations of replaceable plates from hard-alloy materials.
- GUEST 25395-90 applies to carbide plate types 01, 02, 61, 62, which are fixed on the holder of the lathe cutter by soldering. The requirements of this normative document apply to the elements, which are connected by soldering to the boring cutters, through and revolving types.
Get acquainted with GOST 19086-80 "Interchangeable carbide interchangeable plates" can be found below:
Classification parameters
To classify replaceable carbide inserts, which are installed on the lathe cutter, use a number of parameters.
Tool type
Among turning cutters there are boring, detachable, undercut, grooving, shaped, etc.. Each of these types of tools requires its own profile form, which is formed at the stage of manufacturing a carbide plate for the cutter.
Material of manufacture
Properties of materials, which belong to the category of carbides, vary depending, in what ratio they contain tungsten, titanium and a number of other metals. It should be noted, that replaceable plates can be ceramic, they are used mainly in the processing of heat-resistant alloys. in addition, ceramic products are best used in those cases, when it is necessary to perform continuous semi-finished and finishing of the metal workpiece.
Dimensions
Depending on that, what size workpiece should be machined on a lathe, carbide plates with the corresponding geometrical parameters are selected also. Products can be selected for a lathe cutter of any type, differing in their geometric dimensions.
The size of the rear corner
From this parameter, which can be determined by the brand of plate, depends on the purity of the workpiece of the metal. The larger the rear corner, the higher the purity of the surface treatment. Carbide inserts with large rear corners are mainly used for turning soft metals.
Accuracy class
Modern manufacturers produce plates of five accuracy classes. With the help of these products you can perform processing with different tolerances for compliance with the geometric parameters of the workpiece.
Markings and manufacturers
The marking of carbide inserts for turning lathes indicates the composition of the material. Example, marking T15K6 means, that in front of you is a plate, made of an alloy of titanium tungsten-cobalt group. It should be noted, that tungsten in such alloys is mandatory. In addition to this metal, the alloy may additionally contain titanium, cobalt, tantalum, etc.. The composition of the alloy considered by us as an example in accordance with its labeling contains 15% titanium carbide and 6% cobalt.
To the most popular manufacturers of carbide inserts, which are used for mechanical fastening on turning cutters, include:
- LLC "Tool-Service" (Ukraine);
- Novomoskovsk Pipe Plant (Ukraine);
- BDS-Machinen (Germany);
- Proxxon (Germany);
- Ceratizit company (Luxembourg).
Varieties of carbide inserts for cutters
How to choose a carbide plate
In order for metal turning to be highly efficient and accurate, it is necessary to choose the right carbide plates, the range of which differs in a great variety of shapes and sizes. When choosing it is important to consider the compliance of the plate size and geometric parameters of the cutting tool. If you do not follow this rule, then fix the purchased product on a lathe cutter will be very problematic.
Next, what to consider when choosing, - these are the characteristics of the metal, from which the workpiece is made. Carbide plates are made of materials, in which the base metals are present in different ratios, which determines their performance characteristics. So, replaceable plates, made of hard alloys, can be divided into two main categories:
- characterized by increased resistance to vibration, shocks and other mechanical loads;
- successfully tolerate high temperatures, which are formed during long-term processing of metal blanks.
Cutters with mechanical fastening of plates
Carbide plates of the first category are used in processing, performed at high speeds, which is necessarily accompanied by significant mechanical loads, shock and vibration. To product models, which tolerate high temperature loads well, it is advisable to apply in that case, if turning involves removing a large layer of metal.
Naturally, the choice of inserts for turning cutters is influenced by the type of processing, which is planned to be performed with their help. Each type of processing, performed with the help of cutters, on which the cutting plates are fixed mechanically, provides a certain geometry of their working part, as well as other features of the cutting tool.
If it has a large amount of turning, in the process of which it is necessary to perform various technological operations, it is best to have on hand a set of replaceable plates with different geometric and technological parameters. Quickly choose products, which will optimally correspond to the type of processing, workpiece material and cutting tool geometry, allow not only special knowledge, but also experience, produced over time.
