Machinery

CNC machines: description and advantages of turning and milling centers for metal processing

July 31, 2020

The main indicators of modern production are profitability and competitiveness. The production of quality products depends on it, the extent to which the shop or work site is equipped with a wide range of equipment, various equipment and tools.

Turning and milling centers

Narrowly specialized machines are no longer relevant today. They had low productivity, in addition, they are inconvenient, because you have to drag the workpiece from place to place. The technological solution is the purchase and installation of one machine, which has the ability to perform many different functions. Such units are able to replace several obsolete models and save time and money.

Modern equipment, which allows to carry out turning and milling processing, nowadays it is actively used in the industrial sphere of production. Moreover, these types of machines for their use in household conditions are issued. Such units have a compact size and not so much power, as industrial designs, but still able to do milling and turning work at a very high level.

Classification of turning and milling equipment is its division into devices with numerical program control and without CNC, that is, automatic, semi-automatic and manual. This article will discuss CNC machines.

CNC turning and milling installations

The following are the advantages of CNC turning and milling centers compared to the same manual control equipment. Modern units are different:

  1. Higher performance.
  2. Increased accuracy of manufacturing parts, thus ensuring their interchangeability.
  3. Using the capabilities of modern information technology to move to the manufacture of other products.
  4. By transferring the preparation of production to the engineering sphere of labor.
  5. Reliability and durability.
  6. Economy.
  7. Easy to operate and maintain.
  8. Ergonomic design.

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This equipment is conditionally classified into the following types. exist:

  • Ordinary centers,
  • With anti-spindle,
  • With drive center,
  • With C-axis.

Such devices are equipped with capabilities, characteristic of lathes and milling machines, at the same time supplemented by constructive and technological subtleties.

features of the centers

On many standard lathes it is possible to process not only lathes, but also milling, as well as drilling holes in metal products. However, revolvers have little mobility in such devices, which complicates and limits their potential in the production process.

Today, there is no such problem in the turning and milling installation, after all in it the milling head under a cone of Capto or HSK is provided. These cones allow to carry out installation of the turning cutting tool under a milling head. Due to this, the machine can sharpen and perform many different operations, example, countersinking, threading, drilling holes, turning chamfers and grooves, finishing and trimming of end faces, deployment and others.

so, we understood, that in the modern equipment one spindle promotes performance of two functions, namely, installation of the static tool and fixing of rotating working devices. At the same time change of cutters and other tools takes place in the automatic mode. To do this, the CNC machine is provided with a special tool, called the successor.

At the enterprises, engaged in the manufacture of complex products and structures, these machines are operated. They process raw materials, consistently performing all milling and turning procedures. Modern CNC units on metal easily cope with these tasks.

You can add, that for such centers the integral tool or the device with hard-alloy replaceable plates is applied. Drinking type is used very rarely.

Devices with C-axis and counter-spindle

One of the first machines of a full-fledged center was a device with a C-axis. Drills and cutters work in it, located by their drive, which provides the rotation of the tool. Of course, such devices are provided with a successor to the working devices.

Units with a C-axis control the speed of rotation of the workpiece. in addition, control (indexed) angular position of the product. Angle indexing accuracy is less 0,001 degrees.

Installation of multifunctional mechanisms, which are needed to change the devices, allows to carry out several operations on CNC and C-axis units, which cannot be performed on conventional turning devices:

  • Worm gear milling,
  • Gear processing,
  • Manufacture of crankshafts.

The unit on metal with a counterspindle is called to be more functional and reliable at operation. He replaces the rear headstock. This machine allows you to hold the product by the right edge and without the help of the device operator to process its right side.

Essentially, anti-spindle makes CNC lathe milling functional production line. If you equip such a unit with two adapters, then he will start processing metal several times faster without losing the perfect quality of products.

Below we will consider the types of CNC turning and milling equipment, in demand.

The most popular CNC machines

TRENS machining centers

The European manufacturer TRENS has developed universal installations, which are characterized by a sloping frame and a certain design, which guarantees high-precision work due to the special strength and rigidity of the device. The equipment of this trade mark has found application in large and average production if processing of difficult details of various profiles is required..

TRENS stands out from the most popular models of machines:

  • SBL 500A. It is needed for milling and turning parts weighing up to 1050 kg. The unit is equipped with an electric drive brand Fagor or Siemens, spindle, easy to set up, but a powerful CNC system. The machine has a hydraulic drive of the headstock and a hydraulic mechanism for fixing parts during processing. There are additional options for performing special operations, which are made for one installation of preparation, example, off-axis drilling.
  • SBL 300. This machine is simpler, than the previous model. He can make a thread, perform basic milling procedures, process and prove complex products, example, flanges, it's raining. The spindle of the device differs in the high level of rigidity. It can be operated without interruption for a long time, moreover, at the maximum speed of work operations. The machine's axis is responsible for excellent torque and instantaneous switching of operating modes thanks to a special system of fixing of disk type.
  • SBL 700. This is the most modern machine tool of the TRENS brand. He carries out processing of preparations with curvilinear, stepped, rectilinear profile weighing up to 2500 kg. This unit is equipped with a CNC device from Siemens, perfectly controls the operation of devices, and is described by simple 3D programming, allows you to connect the machine to a PC.

Turning and milling center 1728C

This model of machine tool on metal is very popular in Russia. The device is universal and allows to carry out a wide range of processing operations. It can: drill usually, at a given angle, perform chipping, to bore, mill, sharpen, etc.. On this CNC machine it is possible to process products in a complex in the chuck and centers. The operation of the unit is characterized by unique accuracy due to the design features of the machine. He owns:

  • Increased vibration resistance and rigidity of the main components.
  • High precision bearings.
  • It contains thermosymmetric elements, due to which the influence of temperature deformations is leveled.
  • Active regulatory authorities, who monitor the operation of the tool.
  • High-quality CNC system.

This model works with blanks, which does not exceed 40 centimeters in diameter and up to 3 meters. Equipped with a spindle with an end size of A8, cartridge with a cross section 40 see hole 9,7 cm.

Due to the synthesis of work performed, this CNC machine can significantly reduce costs.

Other CNC centers for metal processing

Taiwanese TAKISAWA machines are in demand in our country. Russian companies are happy to buy them, as they are affordable and unique versatility. The LS series is presented on the market of this equipment today, EX, THE, NEX, which have found application at aviation and machine-building plants, they are also used in the transport sphere of production.

4500TT models, 4500S and 4500ST are in great demand. Since the purchase of these machines guarantees the implementation of milling and turning work with maximum accuracy. After all, the units are equipped with two spindle turning units and a milling one. Also provided with a shop, which 90 positions for work equipment and turret.

GMTK's Spanish centers are also popular, especially the HR series with a range of machines 800, 1000, 1200, 1500. They allow to carry out processing of preparations with a difficult configuration and high accuracy. Such devices are equipped with a unique system, able to stabilize the temperature. There are also hydrostatic guides, in which the indicators are optimized. Equipped with successor heads and tools.

Usually Spanish lathes are bought by companies, specializing in the production of truly complex parts. These metal machining centers have become ideal for such production conditions.

The following CNC metalworking units also work efficiently:

  • Victor machines belong to a Taiwanese company, which for whiter than 70 years supplying models, characterized by high reliability, on the Russian market. Their models have a reliable and technological design, quality components, beds made of special cast iron.
  • MULTICUT machines are multi-operational centers with CNC, equipped with a rear headstock or right spindle. They allow you to perform milling 5 coordinates. Also capable of boring, cut through, sharpen, grind, milling cams and doing many other operations.
  • South Korea's DMCs are high-performance luxury machining centers.

conclusion

To fly into space and drill gas wells requires special devices and mechanisms. Spaceships are not produced in large quantities. So, you do not need many monotonous parts to assemble a particular product. And there is a need for several original and complex. To perform such tasks, a CNC lathe is used. These parts have long been in demand, growing every year.

Today's businesses no longer need to buy many pieces of equipment. It is enough to buy one lathe with a wide range of functions, which will ensure increased profitability of any plant.