Types of modern TVs and their typical classification on certain grounds are quite diverse. So, deciding to buy new TV equipment, many consumers face difficulties in choosing. After all, this is a complex device, which is purchased for a long time, therefore it must have a high degree of reliability. Choosing this type of device, I want to, that even in some years it had an actual set of necessary functions and high technical equipment. To correctly choose the right model with the necessary parameters and optimal functionality, important to understand, what is the difference between the types of TVs.
There is no specific generally accepted classification of these devices. Most experts share TVs:
This group of TVs is divided into five types:
Although today in stores you can hardly find such devices, but in many homes they still function. CRT technology was widely used in the 90's - 2000's. As the advantages of CRT equipment can be noted:
Disadvantages of TVs based on cathode ray tubes:
The technology of CRT TVs has been studied and developed to the limit.
They are based on the optical system, which projects a small picture on the main screen (RPTV). There are two types:
The first type of projection TV has three small CRTs (lamps). Everyone has their own color: red, green and blue. Their rays, before projecting the image onto the big screen, pass through a complex system of lenses, prisms, mirrors. This type of TV is very similar to CRT, only has a larger diagonal (to 80 inches), better image quality and lower power consumption.
Flat screen TV, whose work is based on liquid crystals, have either one tricolor matrix, or three (corresponding to the colors of the lamps). These types of TVs weigh much less, have a high resolution, improved picture. During operation, such equipment becomes very hot, therefore, most models have a fan to protect against overheating. More about the device, read the pros and cons of such TVs in the article on projection technology.
These are thin panels with a perfectly flat screen and excellent image quality (bright and juicy colors) significantly different in appearance from previous types. The source of the image is a large number of small pixel cells. There are no problems with focusing in this equipment, TVs have a wide viewing angle without losing quality. But in PDP - TVs on a small diagonal (Less 42 inches) it is quite problematic to use the current Full HD resolution. We are not talking about innovative 4K and 8K. Besides, even the smallest plasma panel consumes more electricity, than the old tube "box". To everything else, the cost of PDP equipment is quite high. And at the moment this technology is not able to compete with relatively inexpensive LED screens. Production often suffers losses, although the image quality of the plasma significantly outperforms the LCD panels in terms of viewing angles, color flow and response matrix. Despite this, plasma technology has stopped evolving by many leading manufacturers.
This is the most popular group among consumers. The operation of liquid crystal devices is based on the polarization of light flux. The source of the glow is here, unlike plasma TVs - ordinary fluorescent lamps, or, as in the new models, LEDs. They illuminate the white canvas of the reflective screen behind the glass plate. Liquid crystals are applied to it, which under the action of electric current form a picture.
Representatives of this group are characterized by economical energy consumption and low weight, they can be easily mounted on the wall with a bracket. Besides, compared to plasmas, LCD equipment is repairable, this characterizes them as practical devices.
Disadvantages of budget models include delays in dynamic frames and limited viewing angle.
The most popular LCD TVs among consumers are LEDs. LEDs act as illumination of a matrix. At this stage, manufacturers use two types of lighting: Direct і Edge. In the first case, the LEDs are installed on the matrix. This allows you to achieve a low level of black, so you can use Local Dimming technology (local screen dimming) and avoid side highlights. After - others (Edge) light sources are located along the screen (can be located on one side, on two or four - depending on the size of the diagonal). Such models are more energy efficient and more accessible to consumers.
The basis is a matrix with organic LEDs. The image is displayed on the screen using self-emitting diodes - no backlight required, as in LCD technology - this is the main difference between OLED and LED. Multicolored semiconductor devices act as independent light sources. YOU ARE technology allows you to create the thinnest screens to date (a few millimeters), including curved shape.
Such devices are many times superior to their predecessors. Organic LEDs allow you to get the highest possible level of image brightness, contrast, color. Virtually unlimited viewing angle, which is not inferior to plasma technology. In addition, they are much easier, thinner and more energy efficient than plasma devices. In LCD models, OLED technology wins in the smooth transmission of dynamic scenes, lack of constant illumination.
Currently, two leading manufacturers are producing such models of TVs: Samsung і LG. They have already released and presented several serial samples, whose price is much higher than similar LCD and plasma TVs. Also as a disadvantage of such models can be noted, as in plasma, degradation and burnout of pixels over time, which leads to residual images.
Currently, OLED devices have a short service life - about 10 thousands of hours, while the LCD stated about 60 thousands, and in plasma to 100 thousands of hours of work.
Experts divide TVs by screen resolution into three major groups:
For older CRT TVs, there is only standard definition television - SD. Because most TV channels are still broadcast in this mode, models with resolution 720? 576 pixels, 720? 480 pixels are relevant and used by many users.
For such a TV, you can access high-quality pay channels with a smart card. It is issued by the provider for connection or directly to the TV, via CAM module, or via a set-top box.
New generation TVs - LED, OLED and plasma - support high and ultra-high definition television. The most relevant format - HDTV (from 1280 ? 720 pixels to 1920 ? 1080 pixels). It is available on digital television.
For some models of OLED devices, 4K resolution is the best to date (3840? 2160 pixels); 8TO (7680? 4320 pixels) — Ultra HD.
It is worth noting, what is the future of HDTV. But currently only some TV channels are broadcast in this format. Cable operators and satellite service providers are constantly expanding their channel list, transmitted with high resolution.
If we talk about innovative 4K formats (8TO), then owners of equipment with their support will have to watch video content of this resolution for a long time only through a Blu-ray player. But this screen is perfect for video games. A short distance to the panel will not affect the image quality, and high frame rate and great picture will allow gamers to get the most out of the game.
Modern models can be divided into four groups with the possibility:
Equipment with support for Smart-technologies has access to the Internet. Thanks to this, you can easily access social networks from the TV screen using a remote control or wireless keyboard., use the built-in browser and device-supported web services.
3D models may differ in technology: active and passive. In the first case, the transfer of the picture is carried out in turn, on each eye (this is available thanks to glasses with a power supply). This allows the viewer to see the image in that resolution, in which it is transmitted, with a minimum level of distortion. In passive 3D, the image is transmitted at different angles to both eyes of the viewer. Such technology, as well as accessories for its use are much cheaper. But the image quality and resolution is inferior to active 3D.
Considering several classifications of TVs, it is possible to draw a conclusion, which are the most popular today LED-models. They have a high resolution of video content transmission, which is now actively developing, and required functions, relevant for modern devices. Such devices are rich not only in a wide range of models, but also by price category. Plasma TV technology, implies expensive production, gradually declining. They are replaced by OLED, which include all the latest achievements of developers and manufacturers of television equipment.
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