Grape harvest: how much it matures and when it matures
One of the favorite plants of gardeners is grapes - one of the oldest plants on the planet. Vine and bunch are called a symbol of fertility, labor and peaceful life. When growing it you want to get a rich harvest of juicy and tasty berries. To do this, you need to know, when the grapes ripen and other important moments.
What affects maturation
Grape picking is a responsible process. It needs to be approached with special trepidation. The vine comes to life in the spring at room temperature + 10 °C. At this time, the active movement of fluid begins, which is called the weeping of grapes. This is followed by swelling and blooming of the kidneys. The warmer the air, the sooner the leaves appear.
Then the grapes begin to bloom. This is a very important point, although it does not last long. Best, when it happens in dry weather with a light breeze. The wind will provide good pollination, there will be no need for additional work. The timing of grape ripening depends on many factors, including:
- air temperature;
- soil temperature;
- humidity;
- heat;
- sunlight;
- soil fertilizer;
- good care;
- treatment of diseases.
During the ripening period, the berries should be well monitored, it should be moderately moist. It is recommended to fertilize. When clusters begin to form, the plant slows down its growth. This makes it possible to pour berries, the vine grows in volume and part of the vine below becomes woody. The fruits ripen more slowly, when the air temperature is lower 20 °C. Under such conditions, they will grow small, acidic or may not ripen at all.
The gardener can help the grapes, making additives of boron and manganese, partial pruning of leaves and removal of stepsons. Weather conditions are an important factor for grape ripening. Even that, how to harvest grapes, matters. It is worth remembering about the rationing of plants. You need to leave a minimum number of bunches. This will allow you to get a good and timely ripening of the crop.
Terms depending on the variety
Plants are divided into different groups, depending on, when harvesting grapes. For early varieties during ripening one of the signs is the suspension of growth of young shoots, early fruit formation and ripening. In the latter, the opposite happens: first grows a young vine, and then the berry ripens. In order to provide yourself with delicious treats for a long time, gardeners plant shrubs with different maturation dates. Grapes can be divided into six species based on that, how many days the fruit ripens.
Nadranni
Super-early grape varieties are in demand in those places, where summers are short or not very warm. Have time for such varieties approximately 100 days. They are popular among them:
- Olympiad;
- Timur;
- Elegant.
Grapes of these species differ in the ripening of berries just in time. Despite the name of the group, of course, that in a day they will not grow. You can collect them in early August.
Very early
Very early varieties are mostly grown in harsh weather conditions. The choice is quite large, and the harvest is bountiful. These include fruit-resistant frost-resistant grapes, example, Crimean pearl.
Period, for which useful delicacies will grow in your garden, is 115 days.
Early
The early can be tested for years and give a good harvest in harsh climates. They are easy to care for, unpretentious. The ripeness of the berries is checked by color and taste. Example, varieties Amber and Donetsk pearls grow for about four months.
Early-middle
Early-middle grape varieties are found in the south. Beautiful large berries - a real find for growers and winemakers. These types are used for the production of table wines. They also mature in the area 135 days, perfectly tolerate cold. Gardeners choose the Russian Concord and Arcadia for growing in country areas.
Medium
Late
To the late ripening include grapes, which matures within five months. It gives a high yield and is well preserved. More of it is grown in those places, where warm weather prevails over cold. If there are unforeseen cold, then a small number of bunches will still have to be cut.
Do not regret the lost fruit, you will be able to get a bountiful harvest. A very late grape variety ripens during 165-170 days. Grapes are harvested in October, or even in early November. It can be stored in the refrigerator until December and it will not lose its appearance and taste.
Harvesting
The grapes become really tasty and healing then, when completely ripe. At this point, you can start harvesting. Dark grapes when ripe have a dark blue color, if most of the berries are brown, it tells us, that the berries are not ripe. White grapes have ripe amber or golden berries, and immature ones have a dirty green appearance.
It is also important to pay attention, that bunch of grapes, which is fully ripe, darker at the junction, the berry gently detaches from the tail, fragrant and sweet. When pruning grapes it is very important not to erase the plaque, which covered the berries, as at its removal fruits spoil faster.
Middle and late species can be stored for a long time on the bushes. Grapes should be harvested in dry weather, best in the morning without dew or in the evening, and in no case after the rain. Use a spacious room for storage, put bunches in boxes or hang by the tails.
Video "Summer pruning of grapes"
In this video you will learn about it, how to properly conduct summer pruning of grapes.
