1M63 - technical characteristics of the lathe
Machine 1M63, relating to the category of turning group equipment, began production in the mid-50s of last century at the machine tool plant in Ryazan. The advent of such equipment has made it possible to process workpieces made of various metals at a new quality level.
Appearance of the lathe 1M63
Technical characteristics and passport of the 1M63 machine
The design of the 1M63 machine was developed by specialists of the Ryazan Machine-Tool Plant, who managed to create reliable and productive equipment. This lathe quickly gained popularity and began to be used by many manufacturing companies.
The main technical characteristics of the lathe 1M63 are presented below in the format of tables:
machine characteristics
Download free passport of the lathe 1K63: Passport of the machine 1K63
Machine 1M63 at the time of its creation had a number of design features, which distinguished it among other equipment of this category.
- This model allows the use of tools made of high-speed steels and special alloys.
- The pitch of the thread on the workpiece when cutting is adjustable thanks to the replaceable wheels of the guitar machine, as well as gears adjustable gearboxes.
- Increased rigidity of the lower part of the caliper, the frame and the spindle unit of the unit allows you to perform processing at high speeds.
- The 1M63 design provides a special engine, which provides accelerated movement of the caliper in the longitudinal and transverse directions.
- The upper part of the machine also has the ability to move, that allows to carry out processing of long and short details, having a conical shape.
In accordance with the requirements of the standard, approved in 1982 year, this lathe is included in the devices with accuracy class "H". The maximum diameter of the workpieces processed on it is 35 see above the caliper and 63 cm - above the frame.
The height of the centers of the machine of this model - 31,5 cm, on it it is possible to work with preparations, whose length does not exceed 140 cm. When processing long and non-rigid parts it is necessary to use a fixed lunette 1M63. Complete with a machine lunette fixed 1M63 is not supplied, it must be purchased separately.
According to the characteristics, specified in the passport, the spindle of the machine 1M63 can rotate with a frequency in the range 10-1250 about / min in direct motion and 18-1800 about / min - on the contrary. By means of control devices on the machine expose 22 direct and 11 reverse spindle speeds, equipped with a braking system. This structural element of the lathe 1M63 has a through hole, whose diameter is 7 cm.
Machine controls
To have an idea of the technical capabilities of the machine, it is necessary to describe the characteristics, which is owned by his caliper.
- The values of the maximum displacements are 126 see in the longitudinal direction and 40 cm - in the transverse.
- At the same time in the cutter head can be installed 4 turning tool.
- The distance between the axis of the centers of the equipment and the edge of the tool holder - 32 cm.
- The caliper can perform accelerated longitudinal movements on the guides of the frame (4,5 m / min) and transverse - on the guides of the carriage (1,6 m / min).
- One division on the limbus corresponds to the movement of the caliper on 1 mm in longitudinal and on 0,05 mm - in the transverse direction.
- When the limbus makes a complete turn, the caliper moves to 300 mm in the longitudinal direction and on 5 mm - in the transverse.
The design of the caliper of the machine
The caliper itself and its upper part move due to manual and mechanical drive, but its accelerated movement is provided only by the special electric motor used as a drive. The main effort, which perceive the longitudinal and transverse propeller when moving the caliper and its upper sled, take on ball bearings persistent ??type. To compensate for backlash, arising from the transverse movement of the caliper, mounted on its screw ??special nut.
Electrical equipment and kinematic scheme of the machine
The electrical circuit of the machine 1M63 consists of four electric motors, which have the following characteristics.
- A02-61-4 SPU 3 - main electric motor: can be powered by electric current with frequency 50 Hz (speed - 1460 about / min) and 60 Hz (speed - 1750 about / min), engine power - 13 kw.
- X14-22M - electric motor, which drives the cooling pump: power - 0,12 kw, speed - 2800 about / min (current 50 Hz) and 3350 about / min (60Hz), productivity - 22 liters of coolant per minute.
- A02-21-4 - engine, which is responsible for the accelerated movement of the lower plate of the caliper: power - 1,1 kw, speed - 1400 about / min (50 Hz) and 1690 about / min (60 Hz).
- C12-54 - electric motor, which is responsible for the operation of the gate pump of the lathe lubrication system: lubricant composition supply productivity - 8,2 liters per minute.
Schematic electrical diagram 1M63 (press, to increase)
That the lubricating structure reached units of the equipment without impurity, in its pure form, in the feed to its pump the filter is established, which provides fineness of filtration 120 micron.
Starting the main engine of the 1M63 machine, produced using the "Start" buttons, one of which is on the carriage control panel, and the second - next to the gearbox, occurs when the friction is off. The rotation of this motor by means of a V-belt transmission is transmitted to the friction shaft of the gearbox, by means of which the frequency of rotation of a spindle knot is regulated. Control this friction shaft with a special handle. According to the magnitude of the voltage, supplied to the main engine, the current in its winding also changes: 380 - 29A, 400B - 27A, 415B - 26.5A, 440B - 25A, 500B - 22A.
The main electric motor of the machine 1M63, among other things, is also responsible for the performance of work innings, and accelerated movement of the caliper and carriage is provided by a separate engine. In order for the caliper or carriage to start moving, it is necessary to connect friction couplings of electromagnetic type, which are located inside the apron of the equipment.
In total in the kinematic scheme of the 1M63 machine there are four such couplings, two of them are responsible for the longitudinal movement of the carriage, and the other two for the movement of the caliper in the transverse direction. These couplings can be controlled with the help of a special switch located on the apron of the machine, which is installed in one of 5 positions:
- vertical (this position is neutral);
- four sloping, corresponding to the direction of movement of the caliper or carriage.
in addition, on the head of such switch the start push button is mounted, which can be included in any of its positions. This button is responsible for turning on the caliper and carriage accelerator motor.
Kinematic scheme 1M63 (press, to increase)
In addition to the specified switch on the apron of the machine 1M63 there is another, by means of which the necessary type of works is chosen:
- treatment of the outer surface of the workpiece, having a conical configuration;
- treatment of internal conical surfaces;
- turning operations.
To prevent the simultaneous inclusion of electromagnetic couplings and the nut in the apron of the lathe 1M63 is installed a locking switch of the final type. When you turn on the uterine nut, such a switch simply breaks the electrical circuit, from which electromagnetic couplings are fed.
Machine apron (press, to increase)
Gearboxes and machine feeders
The gearbox of the machine 1M63 is located in front of the left side of the frame. The gearbox is connected to the main motor by a V-belt transmission, which transmits rotation to its drive pulley. Speed adjustment, implemented in the machine of this model according to the step scheme, carried out due to that, that various gears are entered into gearing, components of the internal design of the box.
Alternately switching such gears, you can choose one of 22 spindle speed. In the passport of the machine it is specified 24 speed, but two of them overlap. You can significantly increase the efficiency of the machine and reduce noise during its operation, if processing at one of the six highest speeds.
Gearbox gearbox (press, to increase)
For the manufacture of gears, constituting the gearbox of this lathe, high-quality tool steel is used, which is subjected to special heat treatment. Install these wheels on the splined shafts, in the supports of which ball and roller bearings are used. The device and technical capabilities of the gearbox of the machine 1M63 allow you to change the movement of the caliper in reverse and increase the pitch of the thread cut four times or sixteen times. To do this, the design of the gearbox provides special mechanisms.
Feed box 1M63 (press, to increase)
The feed box of the lathe 1M63 is executed according to the biaxial scheme and in the closed arrangement. The same, as well as the gearbox, this unit of the machine works due to the introduction into the gears of different parameters of the gears, carried out by means of special control handles.
In the passport of the lathe 1M63 it is told, that it is cut as a special thread, and carving, characterized by high accuracy of parameters. To perform such technological operations it is necessary to use a special set of gears and connect the lead screw directly.
