Sewer branch. Types and characteristics of shaped products
To date, it is possible without much difficulty, using individual elements, construct a sewer system of any configuration. One of the necessary elements for assembly is a sewer branch - a shaped product, which is used to rotate the pipe to a certain angle. Branches are made of different materials, the same, as well as pipes for drainage systems - made of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, and, of course, steel and cast iron. Although the latter are used less and less for sewer systems.
Withdrawal is a detail, used to create a turn in the pipeline
Main characteristics
Branches perform the function of turning the sewer pipe to the required angle. They are used for installation of drainage systems in work and residential buildings. Thanks to the smooth walls of plastic parts, the probability of accumulation of debris and clogging of the system is minimized. exept this, plastic has one undeniable advantage over metals - it is resistant to corrosion. The plastic element is considered sound-absorbing, therefore, it makes virtually no noise when moving sewage.
Council! Using combinations of taps in the sewer structure, you can get different angles of rotation of the pipes (from 30 to 90 degrees). But do not make too strong bends, otherwise such places will be easily clogged with debris.
Also polymeric details differ in good heat resistance. The working temperature for PVC products is up to 95 °C. Plastic taps are able to work with chemically active media.
The most popular are taps with the size of the inner hole 110 and 50 mm.
Branches come in different diameters and different angles of rotation
Standard angle values, usually:
- 30°;
- 45°;
- 87°.
Technical data of some types of taps are presented in table №1.
Table 1
| Two (mm) | Weight (kg) | Length (mm) |
| Three hundred | 43,9 – 65,9 | Four hundred and fifty |
| Two hundred and fifty | 23,0 – 46,7 | Three hundred and seventy-five |
| Two hundred | 14,9 – 39,0 | Three hundred |
| Hundred and fifty | 6,1 – 13,3 | Two hundred and twenty-five |
| One hundred twenty five | 3,8 – 6,2 | One hundred ninety |
| A table | 2,2 – 5,0 | Hundred and fifty |
| Eighty | 1,4 – 2,8 | One hundred twenty |
| Sixty-five | 1,0 – 1,7 | A table |
| Fifty | 0,5 – 1,0 | Seventy five |
| Fourty | 0,26 – 0,5 | 57 – 60 |
| Thirty-two | 0,19 | Forty-eight |
| Twenty five | 0,11 | Thirty eight |
| twenty | 0,06 | Twenty-nine |
| Fifteen | 0,04 | Twenty-eight |
exept this, there are options for taps with access to other diameters. Such taps are used for various non-standard combinations of sewer system
Types of branches for the sewerage on materials
All types of sewers must comply with accepted standards of GOST. This simplifies the process of product selection and installation. First of all, all sewers are divided by material of manufacture. There are products made of such materials:
Polyethylene. Products made of this material are black. The connection of polyethylene taps is carried out using special fittings - couplings. Such fittings have a spiral, which is heated by welding and forms a tight connection after cooling. exept this, there is a butt connection, for which the ends are heated and pressed until completely solidified.
There are branches made of the same polymers for connecting plastic pipes
Branches from polyvinylchloride (Pvc). Products made of this material have the largest range and are in great demand from buyers. Joining of PVC sewer branch is made by means of a special socket, which is put on a smooth pipe. The main advantage of this system is ease of installation and speed of installation. The color of such products, usually, gray. Brown elements are used in open sewer systems, located on the street in private households.
Importantly! It is necessary to use taps of one type. If necessary, you can buy special adapters, which will allow you to combine any products.
Polypropylene. Equipped with bells, as well as smooth ends for easy connection to each other. It is recommended to use such products in constructions, which are made of similar material. Carry out the removal of wastewater at a rate of 4 to 7 m / s.
Branches for corrugated pipes. Installation of these products is carried out with the use of special couplings. exept this, on each side of the device is equipped with a sealing ring. Used to connect pipes, consisting of different materials.
Stainless steel parts are not subject to corrosion and high strength
Galvanized steel. Durable material, which is used for installation of sewer designs. However, galvanized steel taps are not as resistant to corrosion, as plastic products. When welding pipes, usually, the protective galvanized layer is damaged and rust may occur at the weld.
Stainless Steel. It has excellent anti-corrosion properties. exept this, stainless steel parts are more reliable and durable, than plastic counterparts.
Features of installation
There are a number of rules to keep in mind when installing these devices with your own hands. The connection of the element to the pipe is made by special seals. Usually, they are already included in the set. If there are no such details on a branch for the sewerage, in this case, the rubber ring must be purchased separately, then place in a specially prepared notch on the branch and proceed to installation.
In some cases, glue is used to connect the sewer structure to the drain. This type of installation is considered more difficult and is not very common. The adhesive joint does not require any sealants. When combining pipes made of different materials, it is recommended to use sealing sleeves, which will provide a reliable tight connection.
PVC taps are the easiest to install. Their installation does not require special construction skills and complex tools. Such elements for the sewer are simply inserted into each other. The result is a strong and airtight structure. This option is most often used when installing taps with your own hands.
PVC taps are equipped with a sealing rubber, therefore their installation differs in simplicity and does not demand application of sealants
exept this, all taps can be divided into:
- welded;
- cold-bent.
Useful Information! There are special segment taps, which are used in those cases, when you need to combine a massive pipe structure.
Shaped steel products can be made of different types of metal: alloyed, stainless steel, etc.. d. Their scope is identical to plastic sewers.
Sealing of joints
The sealing index is very important, as it depends on the efficiency and reliability of the entire system. When installing the structure should pay maximum attention to this aspect, especially if the installation is done manually.
It is desirable to strengthen joints between devices and pipes with special sealants, which can be purchased at any hardware store.
They are divided into two main types:
- with acidic environment (cheap);
- neutral (more expensive).
The use of sealant is desirable in any case, because it adds to the reliability of the connections, even if PVC products are mounted, having sealing rings in its composition. Acid sealants must not be used when joining metal sewer products. Therefore, when buying a sealant you need to carefully read its composition.
The use of sealants is mandatory when installing cast iron sewer structures, that the walls of such products cannot be perfectly smooth, as in plastic parts. Liquid silicone is also a suitable option in this situation.
Some types of pipes require additional joint sealing, for which you can use a special glue
Additional methods of sealing
In addition to the sealant, there are other ways to seal the joints:
Epoxy adhesive. This connection is characterized by high strength and reliability. However, it has its drawbacks. Epoxy bonding is one-piece, therefore dismantling of pipes without their damage is impossible.
Hemp or resin. Are used in case of installation of means from polyvinylchloride on pipes from other materials. The application of these binders should be performed as carefully as possible. The selected material is applied to two thirds of the length of the end face of the part. Then the end is inserted into the bell and filled with cement.
Technical sulfur. Previously, this method was the most common, as the sewer was assembled from cast iron pipes. However, plastic products with their appearance took the lead in the market and now this method is used much less often. He will fit, when it is necessary to combine sewer systems from different materials.
Bituminous mastic. It has proved itself in the installation of ceramic taps with pipes of the same material.
Sealing tape. Using sealing tape (example, FUM-tapes) is considered a temporary measure. The most unreliable way to seal joints.
The service life of the sewer system depends on the correct selection of components for the sewer, and also from performance of installation works taking into account certain rules. Before starting work on the installation should study all the technical characteristics of the taps and their methods of connection to sewer pipes. If necessary, you can always consult with experts. Strict observance of installation rules will allow to receive a reliable design, which will not need repair for a long time.
