The best varieties of tomatoes for open ground in Siberia
In almost every garden in our country you can find such a culture as tomatoes. However, to grow a quality and tasty harvest, it is necessary to choose the right variety for a particular region of growth. The most unfavorable and harsh climate for growing tomatoes is Siberia. This article will tell you about it, which varieties of tomatoes are best for Siberia and which care is needed.
Determinant and indeterminate varieties
In Siberia today you can grow different varieties, which were specially bred for growth in such a harsh region. But for that, to choose the right planting material from all the existing variety, you need to know the description of each variety.
Because tomatoes are a heat-loving crop, then the northern climate is not very suitable for them. Therefore, breeders have bred varieties, able to effectively withstand adverse temperatures and frosts, which are possible in this region as in autumn, and in the spring. This feature is characteristic of all varieties, suitable for cultivation in the northern regions of the country. However, they differ in the following parameters:
- maturity;
- taste characteristics;
- place of cultivation: open ground or greenhouse, etc.. d.
Breeders all varieties of tomatoes, which are used for cultivation in harsh climates, divided into two types:
- determinant - low-growing plants, which are suitable for planting in open ground, and greenhouses. But despite the possibility of planting indoors or outdoors, they are most often grown in a greenhouse. Their main distinguishing feature is the presence of limited growth. They are also characterized by early ripening and yield. The disadvantage of determinant varieties of tomatoes is their susceptibility to various diseases, affecting this culture;
- indeterminate - characterized by unlimited growth. Therefore, they can grow up to two meters in height. Therefore, such plants require a garter and appropriate support. It is worth noting, that the bushes grow in height, taking up little space in width. Compared with determinant species, then indeterminate varieties of tomatoes have longer fruiting. In this case, the fruits themselves ripen later.
As we see, each variety has its advantages. So, making a choice in favor of one or another variety, be sure to evaluate its description.
Video "Determinant and indeterminate varieties"
From the video you will learn about varieties of tomatoes, their features of cultivation.
Early varieties
Because the climatic conditions of the North are quite severe, It is recommended to grow tomatoes here in closed soil in greenhouses or hothouses. At the same time many gardeners, to harvest, which will not be spoiled by frost, planting material of early-maturing species is planted. Usually such varieties begin to bear fruit already on 90-100 days after planting the seeds. As a result, in just a couple of months you can already start harvesting the first crop, which is very important for Siberia and other northern regions of the country.
The most common and popular varieties of tomatoes, which give an early harvest in the North, include:
- Ultra speedy. Variety, designed for growing in open ground. Collecting ripe fruit from the bushes can be done through 3 months after the first seedlings. On one inflorescence can be close 8 tomatoes. Plants are characterized by resistance to harsh climatic conditions;
- Siberian weightlifter. Is a determinant species, which is characterized by an average growth rate. Ripening tomatoes is done through 96-106 days. The fruits are shaped, I look like a heart. They can reach by weight 600 p. Siberian heavyweight has excellent resistance to various climatic conditions;
- Demidov. It is also considered a determinant species. On tomato bushes medium-ribbed and rounded tomatoes are formed. They have time for 101-109 day. Demidov can often be found in the open ground;
- Abakan pink. This is also a determinant species. Shrubs of this variety can grow to a height of 1,5 meters. Therefore, they need a garter. On the shoots are formed weakly ribbed and flat. Their average weight is about 300 p. Abakan pink is a salad variety.
In addition to the above varieties of tomatoes, to early varieties, which can be planted in Siberia, include:
- Nastya. This is a medium-ripe and determinant species, on the bushes of which pink fruits are formed. They have juicy flesh. The maximum weight of tomatoes here is no more 200 p. This is a good variety for canning (especially salting), as well as salad preparation. The high adaptation of plants to the severe weather conditions of the North is described;
- Ballerina. This variety of tomato is considered middle-early. Undersized bushes. They do not exceed in height 60 cm. Pink fruits ripen on the shoots. They weigh close 60-130 g and have a juicy flesh;
- Moscow pear. Is a low-growing mid-early species. Pear-shaped fruits reach the bushes, which are pink. Their weight is about 100-150 p. The main feature of the variety is its high yield. At the same time it is absolutely unpretentious in care. With proper diligence, Moscow pear can be grown on any land;
- Parsley gardener. The plant is characterized by determinism and middle maturity. Cylindrical tomatoes are formed on the bushes, which have a pointed tip. When they ripen, their color becomes crimson.
As we see, early ripening tomatoes for open ground in Siberia are ideal. Even in such harsh climates and without protection, they are able to give an excellent harvest. However, choosing a variety should be based not only on its description as a garden culture, but also for the purpose it turns out, eventually, harvest.
The best varieties for the greenhouse
The Siberian type of tomato selection differs from other varieties in its large-fruitedness. Most often they are characterized by excellent resistance to negative temperatures, as well as short stature. It should be noted, that hybrid forms are practically not inferior to the main varieties. You need to know, that in the North it is necessary to be engaged in cultivation of tomatoes only through a seedling method. Many gardeners celebrate, that in such difficult climatic conditions it is best to plant seedlings in a greenhouse, rather than risk planting in open ground. To increase the success of growing seedlings, experts advise to treat planting material in a solution of "Epine". Also, so as not to confuse the already planted seedlings, experienced gardeners recommend dividing it with plastic bottles and bright stickers.
The main advantage of planting garden crops in greenhouses is that, that the crop can be harvested throughout the season. Choosing varieties for planting in Siberia, you need to understand the peculiarities of this region.
It is quite a short summer. Therefore, the installation of greenhouse structures in this area will be relevant. All the effort, time and money, spent on assembling the greenhouse, can be more than compensated by a hearty and tasty harvest.
If the above were popular varieties of tomatoes for open ground, then the varieties will be listed below, designed for growing in greenhouses:
- Siberian precocious. Shrubs are characterized by determinism and early maturity. The first tomatoes begin to ripen through 100-108 days after the emergence of seedlings above ground. Tomatoes are round and medium in size. When ripe, they turn red;
- Alsou. According to the characteristics of this variety resembles the Siberian precocious. On the shoots of the bushes are formed weakly ribbed and slightly flat-rounded tomatoes. Their average mass varies within 350 p. It should be noted, that plants need garters, as well as in the formation of bushes. From one square meter with proper care can be collected up to 7 kg of tomatoes;
- Red candles. The plant is characterized by indeterminacy and middle maturity. Tomatoes have a cylindrical shape and weigh no more 60 p. They are suitable for canning and salads;
- Beautiful lady. In terms of leading characteristics, the variety is similar to the varieties listed above. On one brush can ripen to 7 tomato. They have a rounded shape and red color. Their maximum weight does not exceed 150 p. It has a high yield - you can collect up to 10 kg per square meter;
- Titanic. Hybrid, which is ideal for growing in all types of greenhouses and hotbeds. Tomatoes ripen about the 100th day after the first leaves appear above ground level. Titanic has a good yield, and its fruits have excellent taste characteristics.
In addition to the above varieties in Siberia in the greenhouse can grow such varieties of tomatoes:
- The miracle of the earth. Shrubs are characterized by short stature and medium maturity. Tomatoes are crimson in color and weigh about 380 p. In the conditions of designs of hothouse type from one square meter it is possible to remove to 14 kg of harvest;
- Grandmother's secret. For shrubs of this species is characterized by tallness. Tomatoes have a round shape and dense texture. The weight of one fruit is about 350 p. Grandma's secret has a fairly high yield (with 1 square meter is collected to 16 kg of tomatoes);
- Pride of Siberia. Early variety. Its shrubs usually grow up 1,5 meters. Round fruits are formed on them. Their weight is approximately 900 p. They taste fleshy and sweet;
- The great warrior. It is considered indeterminate and early-maturing species. Tomatoes are characterized by a rounded shape and ribbing. Their flesh is of medium density. Tomatoes weigh about 250-300 p. The yield of bushes per square meter will be close 9,5 kg;
- Sensei. It is used for growing in greenhouses and hothouses, as well as in the open ground. Forms medium-sized shrubs, on which raspberry elongated fruits ripen. Their weight reaches 450 m;
- Nobleman. Is a determinant variety. On the bushes tomatoes ripen heart-shaped. They are characterized by weak ribbing. The tomato ripeness is evidenced by the crimson color. One fruit has a mass, which varies in the range from 130 to 250 p.
These are the best varieties of tomatoes, which in the conditions of the closed soil of type are used for cultivation in Siberia. Gina is considered to be the best tomato for the eastern regions of the region, Siberian Express F1, King of Siberia, etc.. d.
All the varieties described above have excellent resistance to negative temperatures, good taste characteristics, as well as high yields.
Large-fruited varieties
Every year, breeders from Siberia breed new varieties of tomatoes. The most popular of them are large-fruited species, to which they belong:
- Eagle's beak. It is an indeterminate and tall plant, on which raspberry fruits ripen. They have a heart shape. Plants need garter and shaping. Average weight of tomatoes - 300 G, and with good care - to 600 m;
- King of the giants. It is characterized by indeterminacy and middle maturity. Round and red tomatoes are formed on the bushes. Their flesh is quite fleshy. Weight of one fruit - 450-600 G;
- Buffalo heart. The plant can grow to a height of 1,8 meters. The fruits are heart-shaped and smooth. Their skin is painted pink. The flesh itself is very fleshy and sweet. Shrubs can be planted in open ground;
- Bull's forehead. The plant is characterized by determinism. Tomatoes are cubic, fleshy and have a bright red color. They weigh close 500 m;
- Siberian trio. It is often grown outside greenhouse structures. The bushes do not grow taller in height 60 div. Tomatoes weigh about 350 p. Yield - 5 kg from one bush. The main advantage of the variety is that, that the bushes do not need pruning;
- Severyuga. Yielding look. Gives excellent fruiting in any weather conditions in the region. Shrubs grow one meter tall. Tomatoes, with proper care, can weigh up to one kilogram;
- King of the giants. Tall and medium-ripe plant. The height of the bushes can grow up to 1,7 meters. The fruits weigh about 600 G;
- Favorite holiday. Characterized by early fruiting. Tomatoes, ripening on the bushes, have a heart shape and weigh about 350 p.
To grow tomatoes of all varieties and species in Siberia, it is necessary to know the features of their agricultural techniques.
Growing tomatoes in the northern regions
To obtain an excellent harvest of garden crops in Siberia, you need to make a careful selection of planting material. It is the correctness of this choice that determines the entire subsequent harvest.
Wherever you grow tomatoes, (in the greenhouse or outside it) to obtain the desired result, it is necessary to strictly adhere to the following agronomic methods of growing plants:
- warming of the earth. You can not expect natural warming of the soil, and use hot water pipes or electric thermal cables. But these are costly technologies, which can afford to use not every lover of home-grown vegetables. Heating of the earth can be replaced by high-quality preparation of beds. To do this, the soil should be disinfected, loosen and apply fertilizer. Then form a hill about a height 15 cm;
- before planting the seeds must be well prepared: soak in water, disinfect in manganese (weak solution) and treat with special solutions, accelerate their germination;
- then they are sown in a box with a soil thickness of at least 2,5 cm. the top of the planting material is covered with a layer of dry earth (thickness 1 cm). If everything was done correctly, then the first stairs will appear through 4-7 days;
- when they appeared 2-3 real leaves - a pick is made;
- after it the sprouts are planted in separate containers and placed on windowsills. Proper lighting is important during this period;
- a week before planting, seedlings are recommended to start taking out into the fresh air;
- planting seedlings should be carried out in pre-prepared tubercles. The best time for this is May (for the greenhouse);
- holes are made in the beds. They should be at a distance from each other 40-50 div. Before planting, biostimulants or complex drugs are added to the pits.
After planting seedlings, it is not recommended to water immediately. It should take at least three days. Otherwise, the plants may suffer from bacterial rot. Next, the plantings need proper care.
Care of tomatoes of northern selection
Getting an excellent crop of tomatoes in Siberia depends on it, how correctly the further care of landings was organized. Be sure to water, loosening (carried out each 10 or 12 day) and hilling. Depending on the variety, no tying is done, as well as the formation of bushes.
The first peeling of tomato bushes is carried out a week after planting in a greenhouse or open ground. In a week such top dressing is brought.
Choosing the right varieties of tomatoes, as well as following non-cunning rules of care, which were listed above, even in the North you can grow healthy tomato bushes and collect a good and generous harvest from them.
Video "Varieties for greenhouses"
In the video you will learn about the best varieties of tomatoes for greenhouses.
