Pipes

Installation of sewerage from plastic pipes. Plastic pipes and fittings. Installation

October 31, 2019

Installation of sewerage from plastic pipes is performed as for internal, and for external systems. The variety of the range of plastic sewer pipes and fittings allows you to equip a reliable and durable system on their own, without involving outside experts. The main conditions are competent calculations, selection of necessary materials and observance of technological sequence at carrying out works.

It is quite easy to install sewers from plastic pipes, the system of polymer pipes can be internal and external

Advantages of using plastic sewer pipes and fittings

Widespread plastic, successfully used in laying pipelines for various purposes, including, for internal and external sewerage, for the manufacture of pipes and fittings, due to the significant advantages of its use. Plastic sewer pipes and fittings are different:

  • wide range, that allows to pick up necessary products in the shortest possible time. Internal sewerage requires a gray pipe to be installed, external sewer - orange-brown (ore);
  • affordability;
  • durability of service of the competently arranged water supply system;
  • low noise;
  • slight weight, which facilitates both transportation to the installation site, and the installation process itself;
  • low roughness and, in accordance, high bandwidth, does not decrease during long operation due to absence of deposits and condensate;
  • inert to corrosion;
  • strength as for mechanical loads, acting from the outside, and the internal pressure of the working environment;
  • resistance to aggressive environments;
  • environmental friendliness;
  • ease and speed of installation.

Fittings for installation of pipelines are made of the same polymers, as well as pipes

Pipes and fittings for internal and external sewerage: operational requirements

The operating conditions will directly depend on the compliance of the parameters of the selected plastic products, how effectively the sewer will work. Elements of the internal system, which collects sewage from connected points and removes it from the building, must have such properties:

  • inertness to aggressive environments;
  • mechanical strength in relation to external and internal pressure;
  • smoothness of the inner surface (low roughness), promotes fast and unobstructed movement of drains;
  • full compatibility with the elements of the external system of a particular plastic material and diameter.
  • Elements of the external system, moving sewage from buildings to places of treatment and storage and is located outside buildings, must have:
  • corrosion resistance;
  • sufficient mechanical strength against the effects of soil, to under his pressure, which is amplified by shedding or landslides, did not break the tightness of the structure and the initial geometric dimensions.

pay attention! These properties should be inherent in both pipes, and fittings for plastic sewer pipes.

PVC pipes are a reliable material, but working with it requires following some rules

Use of PVC sewer pipes

The most common in the installation of various sewer systems are PVC products. Their application requires consideration of certain features, that the system served without accidents and longer:

  • it is undesirable to carry out adjustment, hitting with a heavy hammer, so the products are characterized by some fragility;
  • thick-walled pipes are selected for external sewerage;
  • laying in the ground above the level of freezing is carried out with the use of insulation;
  • transportation and installation in low temperatures are not performed due to the tendency of the material to embrittlement;
  • temperature above 75? From melted products;
  • the ingress of organic solvents will lead to plaque or even destruction of the pipes;
  • when heated above 120? From the decomposition of PVC with the release of hydrogen chloride;
  • installation requires sound insulation;
  • gluing of PVC products allows to increase tightness of joints and system as a whole. Special kits have a cleaner, to degrease surfaces, and glue, applied with a brush in a thick layer. The gluing procedure takes about a minute.

If you take into account these features of PVC, then the sewer will serve long and reliably.

Use of pipes with PP and PE

Though, that sewer, in most cases, is equipped with PVC products, describing the advantages of appropriate plastic structures, are sent, usually, on the benefits of using polypropylene.

Double-walled polyethylene pipes are used for heavy-duty external sewer systems

Really, at a higher cost polypropylene products are characterized:

  • service life with a minimum of 50 years. Under relatively favorable conditions, the age-related use of PP products is also possible;
  • low thermal conductivity, thanks to which there is practically no need for thermal insulation;
  • inertness to corrosion of various kinds;
  • low roughness, which eliminates the possibility of clogging and contamination inside the system;
  • resistance to temperature changes, in which the linear dimensions and strength remain unchanged.

pay attention! PE pipes for sewerage are rarely used, although great for installing the system in the country.

Many properties of PE pipes, especially from cross-linked polyethylene, can be very useful when installing a sewer:

  • inertness to chemically active substances, including acids and alkaline solutions;
  • invariability of physical properties at freezing. PE pipes will stretch when the working medium freezes, and after thawing, due to the memory effect of the material, return to the original form;
  • flexibility;
  • lower volume compared to other plastic counterparts;
  • melting point slightly higher, than in PVC, and high-strength cross-linked polyethylene with altered molecular structure - above 200 degrees.

The sewerage in country conditions can be constructed and from usual PE pipes

Determined by the size of plastic sewer pipes and fittings

Proper selection of diameter and slope when installing sewer pipes is extremely important:

  • the presence of solid inclusions in the effluent;
  • self-fueling, in most cases, the nature of the movement of effluents.

For internal systems, the diameter of the pipe is selected depending on, to which plumbing fixture it will be connected:

  • to the sink - 32-40 mm;
  • to the kitchen sink and for the bathroom - 50 mm;
  • to the toilet and for the general sewer riser - 110 mm;
  • to several plumbing fixtures at the same time - 70-85 mm

Fittings for plastic pipes (painted in the same way) for external and internal household sewerage are issued with a diameter from 22 to 150 mm in the form:

  • caps for overlapping the end part;
  • crosses;
  • check valves;
  • audits, which are installed for control and cleaning at the place of turns, branches;
  • reductions, joining pipelines of different diameters;
  • tees;
  • angles.

Many types of sewer pipes are equipped with bells, which greatly simplify installation

Adhesive joints between fittings and sewer pipes are uncommon, usually, it is carried out in a bell. Be sure to use rubber seals (cuffs), inserted into the rim of the fitting or bell.

Installation of external sewerage

The trench is laid as follows, so that the pipeline passes below the normal level of soil freezing. The presence of a gravel-sand cushion and a slope should also be provided, the value of which depends on the diameter of the pipes. The speed of spontaneous movement of effluents should not be lower 0,7 m / s, therefore, the slope is up to one and a half centimeters per running meter. After completing the trench, begin to build from the foundation. Then the order is as follows:

  1. The pipe is inserted into a special sleeve in the foundation or under it.
  2. Joining pipes, insert them into the bell with a smooth end, treated with silicone-based oil, with rubber seal on 40-45 mm (the use of silicone grease is undesirable, to avoid corrosion of the rubber). The internal system pipe is then connected.
  3. If it is necessary to change the direction of laying, taps are used. Although it is desirable to lay the external system in a straight line, avoiding displacements. If the length of the external sewer system exceeds 15 meters, an audit should be provided.
  4. Pipes are fed to the cesspool, septic tank or concrete overflow well. It is possible to connect a treatment plant for wastewater treatment and sludge for soil fertilization and treated industrial water.
  5. After check the thermal insulation is carried out by a special heater and backfilling with sand with layer-by-layer ramming.

Importantly! When backfilling, the absence of bending of the pipes under the pressure of the soil mass should be checked.

For underground laying of pipes it is necessary to equip a trench correctly

Carrying out of final installation of the internal sewerage

Installation of the internal sewerage is conducted in such sequence:

  1. The marker indicates the location of the elements.
  2. Preliminary training operations are underway, fitting and leaking connection.
  3. Installation of a sewer riser begins with laying of a tee in a floor. Insert a vertical section into the tee, and it is subject to audit. The next vertical section is installed on top of the audit.
  4. Attached to the drain tee 100/50, bring the pipe to the toilet and install a tee.
  5. Then all the pipes are connected, fastened with clamps to avoid sagging.
  6. All plumbing fixtures are connected and plugs are installed on the backup taps.
  7. Pipes are closed with boxes and / or panels during tightness testing and sound insulation installation.
  8. Cutting pipes, be sure to clean up burrs and burrs. This simple operation will make it impossible to further clog the system.
  9. Sealing of joints is performed with polyurethane or silicone-based sealants, treating each plastic gasket and outer surfaces of pipes.

Installation of sewerage using plastic pipes and fittings is not complicated. Its holding, if you have the desire and a certain set of skills, it is possible on their own, without the involvement of specialists and complex equipment. Competently consistent conduct of all operations, including drawing up the scheme, purchase of consumables, assembly and installation allow you to get a modern sewer system - an essential attribute of a comfortable existence. Such a system with minimal attention to service should last several decades unnoticed and uninterrupted.